Excellent point about lens hood!
It should be added that, for correct readings with spotmeters, they should be shaded just like camera lenses to prevent flare. Better ones, like the Pentax, have multicoated optics. But that is not enough by itself if facing the sun or bright reflections. Mine also carry collapsible rubber lens hoods.
It should be added that, for correct readings with spotmeters, they should be shaded just like camera lenses to prevent flare. Better ones, like the Pentax, have multicoated optics. But that is not enough by itself if facing the sun or bright reflections. Mine also carry collapsible rubber lens hoods.
The advantage of spot meters in relation to high contrast snow scenes etc is that you can compare distinct high value and low value readings and strategize from there, based on the dynamic range of your chosen film. For example, there are numerous times I've had to deal with bringing out the brilliant specular sparkle of ice or snow, which still needing to bag the distinction between black volcanic rock and little black dark pits and cracks in it. In open sun, especially at high altitude, that can easily become a 12-stop problem, and not just any black and white film can handle it. But even with the longest scale ones, you still have to give careful "placement" of key values.
And with color film, especially chrome, something is going to have to be sacrificed - either the shadows or the highlights. Or else, just move along, and look for a more suitable shot. This amounts to much of my life outdoors. It's ludicrous to defer to fill flash or imagined film "latitude" under such circumstances, especially if the anticipated outcome is an equally rich and nuanced print. Exposure needs to be on target in a manner mere averaging is incapable of.
US doctors won't email prescriptions or reports, require fax machines or you have to use the doctor's or hospital's medical portal. This might have to do with the Federal privacy acts and that email is not considered secure. Although if the fax is using VOIP, it's going through the internet anyway, isn't it?
It should be added that, for correct readings with spotmeters, they should be shaded just like camera lenses to prevent flare. Better ones, like the Pentax, have multicoated optics. But that is not enough by itself if facing the sun or bright reflections. Mine also carry collapsible rubber lens hoods.
And with color film, especially chrome, something is going to have to be sacrificed - either the shadows or the highlights. Or else, just move along, and look for a more suitable shot.
Same here, although our doctor has a fax card in the clinic's network that is used to digitally create the prescription document directly into fax transmittable form - no paper created.
The challenge was probably getting the rules to accept digital signatures.
There may be some encryption involved, meaning that only designated and pre-set up pharmacies and other designated destinations can decode the fax.
Frame it and hang on display in your Darkroom.
Except they will send a fax of private reports to my machine at home on VOIP that isn't encrypted. The whole US Federal medical privacy law has made communications more unnecessarily difficult with doctors and medical facilities in America. Most people no longer have or use fax machines.
May be a stop brighter than that but it would be a good value.F/2 at 1/60
May be a stop brighter than that but it would be a good value.
Kodak Master/Professional Photoguide suggest between f/1.4 and f/2 at 1/60.
...still waiting to hear what @TomTaylor's product suggests
It matters not if Ansel was right in his assumptions about selected values, just as it really does not matter which K value was chosen by the given meter manufacturer...
the range of K values permitted within the ISO standard only effects the end reading by 'as much as' 1/6 EV !
Post #111 is what BlackCat recommends.
Having photographed youth basketball, though, there are wide variations in gyms and gym lighting. Most often I’d use flash until asked to stop.
I should have been more clear. What I was referring to was Adams mistakenly thinking the K factor was an adjustment to exposure. It's not. It's an internal calibration of the exposure meter to adjust for among other things:
R = Luminance distribution factor
p = ratio of spectra distribution between scene Luminance and sensitometric Illuminance
r = photocell's spectral response
Example:
View attachment 408620
Interesting, especiallly in view of the fact that different K values are used by different meter manufacturers of modern non-selenium and -CdS sensored meters.
Well, it was only an example of how the spectral sensitivity of the photocell can affect the value of K and evidence how K is a meter calibration constant and not an exposure adjustment. It wasn't intended to be a comprehensive review of all meters. In The Negative, Adams makes K sound like a conspiracy by the manufacturers.
My Pentax Digital Spot Meter has a silicon photodiode, as does the Minolta III according to their respective datasheets. Both have a K of 14. Interestingly, the Pentax datasheet has the value for K on the same line as their listing of the photocell.
View attachment 408635
Sekonic Speedmaster L-858D uses a silicon photo diode and has a K=12.5.
Results of r for a silicon photodiode:
• Raw silicon photodiode: 0.6 – 1.4
• Calibrated, filtered silicon photodiode: 0.9 – 1.1 (commonly quoted as about 0.8 – 1.2 in broader specs)
Adams thinks meter should be calbrated for K=1 in cd/ft^2 (which he mistakenly called it foot candle) and thus no K factor. Yah and he thought that was the meter manufacturers conspiracy to increase the percentage of good exposures.
That belief of Adams at that time is quite possibly because at the time the book was authored, he was successfully using a Weston Master II meter and those are its characteristics.
Perhaps it seemed more “scientific” to him or perhaps just because of familiarity??
Adam's old SEI spotmeter once came up for sale for $30. Henceforward, he preferred the Pentax version. Since the dial of the Pentax has very conspicuous 1 EV increments (plus secondary 1/3 EV markings), with each of those corresponding to exactly one Zone in his method of appraisal, It's ridiculously simple to read the Zone range of any given scene.
Some people attach secondary little labels to the dial, which I find ridiculous. Just how hard is it to figure out that two
big marks on the dial below the central point equivalent to Zone V equates to Z III, for example, or that three marks above it equate to Z VIII ? Fred Picker added those stickers to both the modified and unmodified Pentax meters he sold, as well as selling the stickers by themselves. But whatever. ...
How much all of this had to do with his fabled mental footcandle calculation of the luminance of the moon at Hernandez, NM, when he couldn't find his meter in time, is a bit conjectural. He apparently knew that from memory, based on what an astronomer had told him, or maybe just by sheer trail and error experience with analogous moon scenes beforehand, or maybe with a bit of luck. I don't see how a Weston incident meter would have helped much, except for the shaded foreground portion of the scene. Then he decided on water bath development as kind of a Hail Mary pass to retrieve those low shadow values at ground level. It worked, sorta; but the result was awfully messy to print before he selenium intensified the foreground on the negative. I've seen a couple of the earlier versions.
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