Capa is one of my favorite photographers...but there is lots of evidence that this photo was not what the caption sez, so I speak of it as if it was indeed sold as showing something that it does not.
There is a difference between journalism and news journalism. "Journalism" is an incredibly broad subject.
What this is, as Q.G. speaks of it, is a photo illustration; not a news photo. Photo illustrations *are* used in journalism; soft feature journalism, and they are not captioned with a lie as if they were a hard news photo. They are labeled "illustration", and do not include a false caption. If it was captioned as we know it ("Loyalist Militiaman at the Moment of Death, Cerro Muriano, September 5, 1936"), then even the title of journalism is a pretty poor one, IMO. Like I said, soft journalism if captioned and presented as an illustration; not any sort of proper journalism if captioned "Loyalist Militiaman at the Moment of Death, Cerro Muriano, September 5, 1936", except in reference to the original title. You'd see an illustration used for stories, usually features, in certain publications, but nothing held in high esteem as a NEWSpaper.
I do not agree whatsoever that the "Guernica" is journalism, or that the Capa photo is journalism even if it was staged; at least not news journalism.
The real thing this should illustrate is that journalistic ethics and standards were FAR different then. Thus, the whole situation (this thread, for one) should emphasize the importance of applying them to today's news.