You can use an F front standard with a P rear standard. Sinar sold this combination as a "C." The main advantage of a P being asymmetric movements, there is no particular reason to use a P front standard with an F rear standard, but if you happened to have them, they would work. An F front standard also serves as an intermediate standard, if you want to connect two bellows.
Rails and rail clamps are all interchangeable in the Sinar system, except of course the flat rail for the Alpina or Sinar A.
Bellows are interchangeable, but there are two sizes of 8x10" bellows--metering and non-metering, and the 8x10" metering back is larger. The 4x5" metering and non-metering back are the same size. If you have a spare bellows for whatever back you are using, you can attach it to the binocular viewer.
The 8x10" P rear standard bearer is good for 4x5", but the 4x5" P standard bearer doesn't really give enough rise for convenient use with an 8x10" format frame, if I recall correctly.
The 4x5" sliding back will work on a 4x5" P, but not so well on an F (as I recall there's a knob lever on the back that bumps into the rear F standard bearer).
Can you remove the F rear format frame from the standard bearer? I haven't had an F for a while, so I don't recall. On the P, the rear format frame clamps to a post on the standard bearer, and there's a thumbscrew that holds it in place. If you've got that on the F rear format frame, it would be compatible, but I don't remember it working that way.