Lost in a stack of my books is a 1970s era book on special effects in photography. Covered are various printing techniques, using lith film, Sabatier effect, etc. It's amazing how hackneyed and amateurish these techniques look from today's perspective. In most cases, they do not add substance to the photograph, or convey a message. Rather, the look these effects give fixes the photograph to an era.
It's much the same with HDR and other digital effects, such as faux tilt-shift, turning the saturation to 11, along with LOMO techniques of cross-processing and soft, poorly-framed, vignetted snapshots. These fads will be recognized as belonging to these early years of the 21st century and will look as dated as Alien Skin plugins do today.
It seems that when a new tool or technique becomes available and catches on, there's a period where it becomes overused and it falls from favor. I don't see a lot of ring-lights used in portrait photography anymore, for example.
The perspective I try to hold when using these tools, analog or digital, is to imagine how they'll look from tomorrow's point of view. So, in my estimation, the question doesn't really concern which tools to use, rather, how to use the tools in a way that reflects one's personal (good) taste. Often this means being restrained and not cranking the HDR tone-mapping up to make the scene look like a cartoon, or not over-applying an unsharp mask, or not toning a print to give it sepa-toned nostalgia.
But, if I were a better photographer I'd be better at this, the most important thing is to take risks with one's choice of subjects, viewpoints and ideas. Part of the reason these special effects techniques fall on their face is the subject matter. A photograph of a rusty old pickup enhanced by vivid colors and weird faux lighting at its core is a boring old photo of a rusty pickup. No amount of window-dressing or makeup is going to cover up that fact.
There are those that use these tools well, and their imitators. It all comes down to what is actually difficult about photography, using it as a medium for communication, finding one's voice, and learning to engage the world, versus clicking a button, or blindly applying techniques in the darkroom.