Base-spacer was my first thought too.
My Canon AE-1 came with a similar disk made from black rubber. It is mentioned in the manual as intended to yield more friction between camera base plate and tripod head when using long lenses, seemingly due to the leverage.
To my mind it also may yield space on a large tripod head, with elastic cover, for the breech lock- and aperture-ring of the lenses, which protrude exactly to the base line of the camera.
I guess at least the additional friction or the scratch protection at uncovered tripod heads is the idea behind your disc.
Or of course something completely different...