Any discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of film vs. digital in low light conditions needs to specify the ISO or ISO range under consideration. Otherwise, the participants tend to talk past one another.
You are not going to get much past 1600 with film and have meaningful shadow information.
That is EV 3 @ 1/30 and an f2 lens, so
just hand holdable.
After that you get into a very graphical look, which might be some people’s jam, some of the time.
You might be able to extent to
true 3200 with preflashing and/or latensification, even gas hypering and exemplary development with speed as priority.
You
will have to employ and master flash after that point.
One could argue that digital also starts breaking up after 1600, but in a different way. There is a reason flash still sells.
The sensors weaker output at lower EVs can be amplified non linearly
per pixel. As opposed to the more global homogenous amplification necessary with a chemical amplifier like developer.
That is the major difference.
If you could selectively develop single grain or grain clumps (including knowing which ones to select), film would have about the same sensitivity as digital.
Efforts in making developer more selective is what is called compensating developers. Unfortunately they are not always good for overall speed.