You can remove the 110 cartridge from the camera in daylight, but you must be in darkness (dark room or dark bag) to remove the film from the cartridge.
This is the first of a 2-part video, and is mainly concerned with re-loading cartridges, but it may give you a few ideas:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4h_-8Ix6SdI
The video linked above is concerned with cutting open and reusing the cartridge, which you are not doing.
I think, originally, the cartridges were broken open (not reused). If you can see film or backing paper in the window, u can use an object to push through the window enough to grab and then pull it out of the cartridge (in total darkness).
I don't think a 35mm reel will cut down well enough to work with 110, which is 16mm, but I think Yankee had a plastic reel that would go down to 16mm. If you don't have access to the right type of reel, you may be able to tape the ends of the film over an old length of 35mm film and load it that way - but I don't know how bad that idea is