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D-76: full strength or 1:1?

"Now I'm confused."
"What do you think?"


Join the crowd Ralph, my friend!

1:3 means to me 1 part stock to 3 parts water to make working solution. Therefore, 4 ounces of stock times three parts water (12 ounces of H2O) equals 16 ounces of working solution, 4 plus 12.

However, with WD2D+ It's 1 to 50. As per the instructions, I start out with 500 cc's of water and add 10 cc of A and 10 cc of B. Then I end up with 520 cc's of stock.

Have I got it correct? Go figure & smiles!
 
swchris said:
I think 1/3 stock and the rest water is 1+2, isn't it?
Click to expand...

You are paying attention! Yes, you're right. I took the liberty to correct it.

Anyway, I prefer the 1+x notation too, because it easier to follow in my opinion. Of course, it doesn't really matter as long as it is understood, but I bet that Kodak's instructions are interpreted in two different ways, and I doubt that Ilford has this problem.
 
1:1 happens to be equal to 1+1.

The + is easier to scale to specific quantities. Just multiply it to get to the quantities needed, like (1+3)*250 = (250ml + 750ml) for 1000ml. The end volume and ingredient volume is more important than the actual number of the ratio for practical purposes.

1/3 isn't quite right as a substitute for 1:3, 1+3 is actually 1/4 and 3/4 instead of thirds.
 
Discipline

Chemistry is the discipline. The correct
notation is ' : '. A ratio is indicated. For
example parts A to parts B. Dan
 
I interpret 1:3 as being 1 part stock diluted with 3 parts of water.
 
I've used it stock with FP4+ and got really fine grain and good tonality. I guess it doesn't make a massive difference stock or 1+1. Kodak says that 1+1 has slightly higher acutance but slightly coarser grain.
 
dancqu said:
Chemistry is the discipline. The correct
notation is ' : '. A ratio is indicated. For
example parts A to parts B. Dan
Click to expand...

Dan

Thanks for trying to help. You say a ratio is indicated. 1/3 is a ratio. What does 1:3 mean; 1/3 (because of ratio) or 1+3?
 
From course work in chemistry, ":" was used to mean "of" 1:3 would be 1 part chemistry a total solution of 3 parts, or 1/3. 1:1 would be a nonsense statement since you are saying "1 of 1". Not sure how photography moved away from the chemistry world in this regard.
 
I'm a little confused,all ways thought that 1:3 meant 1 part solution to 3parts water (4 prts total) am I wrong.:confused:Have no chemistry background.
Mike
 
mike c said:
I'm a little confused,all ways thought that 1:3 meant 1 part solution to 3parts water (4 prts total) I'm I wrong.:confused:Have no chemistry background.
Mike
Click to expand...

I don't think there is a right or wrong; just a common understanding. Trouble is, this one might not be all that common.
 
RalphLambrecht said:
I don't think there is a right or wrong; just a common understanding. Trouble is, this one might not be all that common.
Click to expand...
Well I've done ok so far with regular developers so far,but starting to use alternate processes and was a little concerned as they are not all ready mixed chemical packs.Ratio's or Parts that is the question.

Mike
 
Putting this thread back on track... I like to use D-76 diluted 1+1 for reasons of economy and consistency with most everything. The differences in working properties between full strength and diluted D-76 are very subtle, and result in no meaningful change in the look of the prints for me. Using D-76 straight as a one shot developer is wasteful, and re-using t without replenishment means calculating new development times as the developer exhausts. If I ran enough film to make a replenished system feasible, I'd consider doing so; but I'd also consider using XTOL for the job since it requires no special replenisher. The stock developer is its own replenisher.
 

When I used D76, I too, found little difference between the stock developer and 1:1 dilution. I ended up developing all my 35mm film 1:1 at 68 degrees F. D76 is a great all-round developer. Today, I use XTOL 1:1.
 
One caution regarding higher dilutions of any developer beyond manufacturers recommendations. You should always make sure that there is adequate chemical (developer strength) present to fully develop the image. This requires using larger volume of dilute developer than might normally be used.

Example:
  • 1:1 D-76 for small tank 35mm film requires 8oz stock + 8oz water to fill the tank
  • 1:3 D-76 for the same 35mm roll requires 8oz stock + 24 oz water for a total of 32 ounces
  • All 32 ounces need to be used in a larger tank to avoid exhaustion, regardless of development time and agitation
This is a common issue with higher dilutions of HC-110 and is discussed by Ansel Adams in The Negative (Chapter 10) and on various sources on the Web.


Steve
 
I'm pretty sure that's why Kodak stopped recommending XTOL 1+3. It does work well at that dilution, but you do need a large tank to pull it off. I'll bet too many people were trying to do it in an 8 or 16 ounce tank, then claiming XTOL was faulty, thus giving the product a bad rep that still persists.
 

Frank

There is a lot more to that story, but we will stick to the subject of this thread.
 
Stick With the Discipline

RalphLambrecht said:
Thanks for trying to help. You say a ratio is indicated.
1/3 is a ratio. What does 1:3 mean; 1/3 (because of ratio)
or 1+3?
Click to expand...

The colon does indicate a ratio. In our case an expression
which includes the the colon indicates the number of units
of each material to be included in the final mixture. For
example 1:3; 1 unit of A to 3 units of B. That is the
combining ratio of two components. The units
may be of any dimension.

Expressing a ratio as a fraction only introduces
a confusion in our nomenclature. So too the
sign for addition. Remain disciplined. Dan
 
RalphLambrecht said:
I have too, but I also found out that not everyone does.
Click to expand...

It's only people trying to shoehorn generic chemlab mindset onto something that everyone else absolutely already understands as parts to WATER. As someone wisely mentioned earlier: context is everything.
 
clayne said:
It's only people trying to shoehorn generic chemlab mindset onto something that everyone else absolutely already understands as parts to WATER. As someone wisely mentioned earlier: context is everything.
Click to expand...

Whenever two systems exist to do an identical thing, confusion is pre-programmed. Context is important but consistency is key.
 
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