The less than well known East German KW Praktina cameras. Undoubtably the highest quality and best featured Eastern block cameras every made.
Worlds first professional camera system (6 years before the Nikon F)
Breech lock lens mount, a range of lenses from 10+ companies.
First semi auto lens diaphragm, you cock the lens to full aperture, it stops down on the first pressure of the shutter release
Interchangeable finders
Takes two different motor drives one clock-work the other electric and a bulk film back. Accessories can fetch high prices, a CZJ 75mm f1.5 Sonnar sold recently for $4,000
While some claim that Exacta were the first to introduce a system camera they never had a motor drive or bulk film back and build quality is poor compared to the Praktina.
Praktina camera were made from 1953 to 62, however they were expensive to produce and after merging with the East German Zeiss Ikon all new 35mm cameras were based on KW's budget Praktica camera and carried that name (some were branded Pentacon). KW had taken over production of the Zeiss Contax SLR two years before the actual merger, sold as a Pentacon in the West.
Later the Praktina N prototype became the Pentacon Super again launched as a professional system this time M42 screw mount, fast 50mm f1.4 Pancolar lens, with a motor drive, bulk film back etc but few were made. One KW camera remained in production for many years and was copied the Praktisix, later renamed as the Pentacon 6.
I have a number of Eastern Block cameras, and have used others, the build quality of the Praktina is just leagues ahead of Kiev's, Fed'd,s, Zorki's, later Praktica's. Roger Hicks put's them ahead of the Nikon F in some ways particularly for the way the inter-changeable prisms and view finders fit. It's Leica type precision.
Ian