I have used many different magnifications, the best magnification range I have found for myself, was nearly always around the 4x magnification.
Using a lower magnification factor, often around 2x never seemed to be able to cut it. From about 6x and upwards, I have usually found the magnification to be a little too much.
I have used linen testers, so called as they have a scale on the inside of their base that enables you to count the linen threads over a given length. These are remarkably small when folded, excellent at looking at linen threads, almost perfect for photography. They usually are available anywhere from 2x through to about 20x, with 5x almost being the universal standard one sees in industry. Will work on the back of a view camera with the ground glass screen, however it is possible to scratch the ground glass with the sharp corners. I have a few of these.
I have a Schneider 4x loupe, which I bought new, it really was an excellent choice and is still used whenever I am in the darkroom and enlarging. I use it for checking negatives from 135, 120 and 4x5”, either on the light box or suspended in my negative carriers. The ability to use either the clear bottom of the black opaque bottom is very handy. Although with great use I now find I use a little bit of tape to keep whatever bottom I am using stuck on. Works very well on the back of a view camera for focusing on the ground glass screen.
The Peak range of loupes are also excellent, I purchased one that is square and 4x mainly for use on the ground glass of my large format cameras. It too comes with a clear or opaque bottom half for different purposes. It is excellent and would be able to be used in the darkroom and later down the track if you go for large format, good for checking right into the corners of your ground glass screen.
For checking your negatives with a loupe, one usually has the negative either sitting on a light box, or held up to the light. When doing this it is advantageous to have a loupe with a fully black (opaque) bottom half. When checking contact prints, changing to a semi opaque bottom half allows side light to enter allowing you to see your contact images very well.
I would suggest anything from around 4x through to 6x would be the best overall compromise. I have used 8x and 10x loupes, but their magnification is such that you are working a bit too close to see as well as you can with lower magnification loupes.
Mick.