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What is the story behind this design?

The Canon EF also has this design. Pretty neat IMO (Yes, I LOVE that beast! If only it had a true semi-auto mode, and interchangeable finders...)

 
Canon museum says 0.82, where the F1 has 0,77. I dis not check before you assked, but I had the feeling the EF has more magnification.

Coverage is 92% ( F1 97 %)
 
that prism sits so low on the body, I wonder what's the VF magnification

I’ve always thought the EF felt a lot like the FTb in hand.

There’s a lot about the EF that really is unique to that camera, but a lot of it is kind of an F1/FTb mash-up.

I just wish Canon had kept with Copal Squares for the A-series, but that may well have put the price higher than the target.

It’s a shame too to me that the EF was kind of a dead end. The FTb to me pretty obviously competed head on with the SRT-101, and was a step above the K1000. The EF really is more in Nikkormat class of camera body, or more specifically the EL/EL2…
 
And a four-wheel drive?
Maybe not needed
but canon sucks at semiauto in their auto cameras. The EF has the most sophisticated displayof Canon cameras for the period, but packs à follow Nestlé.
I agree, this camera is truly unique, and the Copal square is a pleasure as it's so silent.
 
It occurs to me that combining those functions that way would permit building them as a separate, re-usable sub-assembly, which in turn could add efficiency to manufacture.
 

Well, this is kind of topic drift, but we have drifted some already ... I've never used or even touched an SP (too rich for my blood), only an S which is a more basic camera. People used to sometimes say "Nikon took the body casting of the SP and put a reflex mirror in it to make the F," which is clearly wrong. They have common style elements, but for one thing, the F body is 10mm wider. As you say, aspects such as the shutter controls, button placement, and collar are similar. I think many users find the rearward button a little awkward, and they moved it to the front on the F2.

I think it's easy in retrospect to underestimate what must have been a substantial design and engineering effort to come up with the F. It wasn't necessarily the first SLR with many of its features, but it was the first to put them all together in a truly convincing package of usability and reliability. I bought an F used in 1985 as my second SLR (aftet my starter-SLR broke), and still have it. At this point, I should be buying it anniversary presents.