Yes a temperature difference between cemented elements puts mechanical strain on the couple.
And this only comes into existance at rapid change of ambient temperature (We discussed this above on practical feasibility,.)
Different air pressure inside and outside the lens also puts mechanical stress on respective elements.
The change being fast or slow will have same effect on the cemented elements. Unless being very slow (possible creep within the cement).
But for not absolute airtight, but slightly leaking lenses the speed of change in ambient pressure may be of effect whether a differential pressure betweeen inside and outside comes into existance at all. Here we got an analogy to effect of the change in ambient temperature effect above.
Both, for temperature and pressure we did so far not even take into account the material of th barrel. Think of aluminium, a far better heat conductor than glass, which can bring heat energy into the lens innards. Or plastic, which might deform under presure and thus lessen the strain on lens elements.
In post #16 I argued that low air pressure can have no effect on a cemented lens. I then was only referring to the lamination as such, as with a unmounted doublet.