It may help to know what the application/purpose is. Why does it have to be a paper specifically? What format does it need to be? What is your intended workflow and end result?
Photographic paper emulsion as such yields high resolution. It may be reduced by the paper base, depending how it is applied: directly, on plain Baryta, on plain PE, on embossed Baryta or PE.
It's not just the smooth surface I suspect. Light scattering will reduce contrast of very sharp details. The amount should very depending on the particulars of the paper. It doesn't matter in a normal print, but when you're greatly enlarging paper, it would show up. A lot of microfilm media is very high contrast to deal with this (where the intended image is mostly txt anyhow). That said paper is very high resolution compared to most films. Camera films are formulated for greater ISO and part of the trade off is grain size.
Years ago I tried to do "microphotographs" like one reads about in spy novels. A dot can contain a page of text when read with a microscope. Using photographic paper was a fail. The flare and halation from the white paper backing was too much to support ultrafine detail even though the emulsion was fine grained enough.
What did work was to use a microscope with camera in reverse and project the ultra-reduced text onto Kodalith clamped on the microscope stage. The developed Kodalith image could then be placed on a glossy white background (fixed out Brovira at the time) for cryptic display. I guess very small but very detailed pictures could be made the same way.
I guess there is no requirement of that sort of " micropaper " from logic concerns it only would make sense if you whant to print from 8 x10 on very small paper formats.
.... because the resolution is more restricted from the scale of the enlargement than from the characteristic of the paper. Exeption could be to expose on the paper directly ( special direct methods " paper inside camera instead of film inside )