I have not done this specifically with a convertible lens, but behind-the-lens filters are fine. Like all topics, subject to debate and such, but it’ll work.
My 12 inch f/4.5 Ektar has a 77mm thread up front and 72mm on the rear, so you can see the possibilities. I have also placed very thin gel filters against the rear cell, like a light cyan filter to knock down some of Foma 400’s extra red sensitivity. I have considered building/adapting a magnetic holder specifically for this.
The down side is you have to remove the back for any filter changes, and will likely (and probably should) end up focusing through the filter. This will of course result in dimmer image on the ground glass.
You could also devise a way to put a filter and shade on the shutter’s front side. That’ll work too, and may be more practical.
Over the years I have made many specialty photographic bits and bobs from cardboard, electrical tape, tin cans, metal scraps, balsa wood, discarded furniture, salvaged junk, and other treasures. Ugly but functional. There’s always a way.