The results in the original post have different renderings. I see this as an aesthetic question only the photographer, or client, can answer. I shoot black and white film for portraits at box speed or a half stop slower (more exposure). Developing time for me has been iterated over the years. It is usually D-76 1+2 for 14 minutes at 68F. Strobe output + lens opening + development time = asethetic rendering, which is up to you.
The images in the original post are all good, none are bad or wrong. Which one is best, or "right", is subjective.
Regarding C-41 film, it is completely different than black and white film such as a T-Max variant. For C-41, I expose at box speed and process normally in Flexicolor chemistry. Camera settings are again an aesthetic decision. I shoot portraits with strobe at f/8 or f/11, I like them a bit sharper.