Hi Sean
My basic Rodinal & Tri-X process is either:
1+50 for 17', with agitation every minute, or 1+50 for 25' with agitation every 5th minute. ( agitate for the first 15 seconds to start either )
There is a visible, but subtle, difference in tonality in a normally scaled subject.
17' is pretty much 'normal', 25' gives fuller and softer shadows.
In a LONG scaled subject there is a much greater difference. 17' extends a straight line, while 25' ( with reduced agitation ) has a gradually increasing shoulder that brings the brightest scenes into normal printing range.
Below is a simple set of curves:
I pretty much use 25' for everything because MG filters let me dial in as much shadow contrast as I want.
1+50 vs 1+100 ?
When the agitation is reduced, and densities equalized, there is no difference in between the two dilutions. The curve shape is the same, the fine and regular grain is the same. 1+100 just takes longer.
Good luck !