Unfortunately, Clorox isn't only dissolved chlorine--it is sodium hypochlorite which will eventually leave a residue of sodium chloride (i.e., table salt). There should be no problem if it is rinsed away with plain water, but otherwise you will be creating a certain amount of fine, corrosive dust which will not be good anything that can rust (like parts of your enlarger).
Cleaning up with plain water is usually good enough, but if you want something more aggressive and don't want to rinse afterwards Windex is probably a better choice. It contains a trifling amount of surfactant and dye, but the water, ammonia, and probably alcohol in it will all evaporate cleanly.