The 185th Anniversary of American Photography

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Tom Taylor

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September 20, 2024 marks the 185th anniversary of the birth of photography in America. On this day in 1839 the first printed account Arago's description of Daguerre's process as published in the French and British newspapers of the day arrived in New York on the steam packet British Queen which had departed from Portsmouth on 3 September. Arago's description was immediately reprinted in the American press and the first Daguerreotype in America was made by one D.W Segar before the end of the month:

"The New Art- We saw, the other day in Chilton's, in Broadway, a very curious specimen of the new mode, recently invented by Daguerre in Paris, of taking on copper the exact resemblances of scenes and living objects, through the medium of the sun's rays reflected in a camera obscura. The scene embraces part of St. Paul's church, and the surrounding shrubbery and houses, with a corner of the Astor House, and, for aught we know, Stetson looking out of a window, telling a joke about Davie Crockett. All this is represented on a small piece of copper equal in size to a miniature painting." -Morning Herald, September 30, 1839.

"The New Art - Daguerreotype. - Mr. Seager, the ingenious artist of this city, who has first succeeded in catching the sun's rays and imprisoning's them in a morocco case, that is to say, who has transformed figures and landscapes to copper, by the medium of light alone acting on chemical substances - gives a lecture on the art tomorrow evening, at the Stuyvesant Institute. We have a specimen of his ingenuity in our possession, which looks like a piece of fairy work in golden colors." - Morning Herald October 3, 1939.​
 

Sirius Glass

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Thank you for bringing this to our attention.
 

cowanw

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Considering the nature of communications in 1839, it really is stunning how quickly news of Daguerre’s August 1839 announcement of the invention of photography spread. Even more stunning was the speed with which individuals around the world acquired cameras and mastered the process to produce daguerreotypes of their own.
Daguerreotypes made it to Montevideo, Uruguay, in February of 1840, when Louis Compte arrived by ship from France, having set sail in December of 1839, just a few months after Daguerre’s announcement. In 1843, an American, John Elliot, opened the first salon in Buenos Aires. A woman daguerreotypist, Antonia Annat de Brunet, opened her studio there in 1854.
A Swiss banker, Jean-Gabriel Eynard, enthusiastically daguerreotyped at his Geneva estate from 1840 to his death in 1863.
Daguerreotypes reached India in January of 1840.
Douglas Thomas Kilburn opened his daguerreotype salon in Victoria, Australia, in 1847. His portraits of Australia’s Aboriginals were widely used as the basis for engravings for prints.
The first daguerreotype taken in Canada was, predictably, a view of Niagara Falls by an English tourist, Hugh Lee Pattinson, in April of 1840.
 

Nicholas Lindan

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... The first daguerreotype taken in Canada was, predictably, a view of Niagara Falls by an English tourist, Hugh Lee Pattinson, in April of 1840.

Horseshoe Falls, I hope. Empire, and all that. Nasty breakaway colonies don't need their falls photographed.

What strikes me is that between the August 1839 announcement of the Daguerreotype and the April 1840 photograph of the falls gave enough time for someone to have a camera made, gather the materials, learn the process, put together a traveling kit and make their way to Canada. Though, who knows, by March of '40 someone in London may have been selling "The Gentleman's Traveling Daguerreotype Outfit, complete in Every Manner and sure to give Perfect Satisfaction."
 

cowanw

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I expect Chevalier, Daguerre's optician did exactly that. By Christmas, 1839 (sic) Europeans and the British were enjoying images at home of the Holy lands and Egypt.
On October 6th 1839, the firm of Alexander Wolcott & John Johnson commenced working on the daguerreotype process announced in August of that year, and on the 7th of October, 1839 they were able to produce a portrait daguerreotype. From the news Sept 20 to a camera and a picture Oct 7 from scratch!
I think it shows that many ordinary people of that time were well educated and facile with tinkering at what was then advanced chemistry and optics (now probably a 1960's child's chemistry kit).
And yes, the Horseshoe Falls, The American Falls only shows a failure of composition- sniff.

Just in case knickers get in knots... we are joking around.
 
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Tom Taylor

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News of Daguerre's invention, along with exhibited specimens but without a description of the process by which they were produced, was delivered before the Academie des Sciences in Paris on January 7, 1839 by Daguerre's friend Arago. News of the invention was widely disseminated in the French and British newspapers of the day and reprinted in the American press. However Daguerre's invention was received with skepticism in the US due to fallout from the Great Moon Hoax of 1835.

D.W. Seager published the first photography exposure table in the U.S. in March, 1840 in the American Repertory of the Arts, Sciences and Manufactures.
 
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