Straight Photography or Pictorialism

OP
OP

Chuck_P

Subscriber
Joined
Feb 2, 2004
Messages
2,369
Location
Kentucky
Format
4x5 Format
smieglitz,

Well, interesting point of view and to each his own I guess; it's a good thing that we are all individuals in photography or else there would be so many unhappy people .

I don't think that I can recall the painter photo that you refer to. If one is not a fan of the natural scene in photography, then I guess rocks, trees, water, snow, clouds, and other intimate details of nature would definitley not be appealing.

Chuck
 

smieglitz

Member
Joined
Oct 18, 2002
Messages
1,950
Location
Climax, Michigan
Format
Large Format
smieglitz,

... If one is not a fan of the natural scene in photography, then I guess rocks, trees, water, snow, clouds, and other intimate details of nature would definitley not be appealing...

I'll admit to liking figural work above landscape but have a look at the work of Edward Muybridge, Carlton Watkins, Timothy O'Sullivan, Paul Caponigro, Eliot Porter, Bill Schwab, Hiroshi Sujimoto, Mark Klett, John Pfahl, Michael Kenna, Minor White, William Christenberry, etc... They all have different visions of the landscape that I find much more appealing than Ansel Adams. Adams leaves me cold. These others do not. It is not totally a category thing but rather the individual style.

Compare Muybridge's world to Adams'. Same locations but with a totally different feeling. Muybridge's world is grand, dynamic and animated. Adams' is cold, clinical, and otherworldly.

OK. I'm running out of pennies...
 

jimgalli

Subscriber
Joined
Sep 7, 2002
Messages
4,236
Location
Tonopah Neva
Format
ULarge Format

I seem to recall it was a guy that was sharing studio space with Steiglitz in NY.

Do folks realize that the real fuzzy wuzzy pics were for all practical purposes dead after Steiglitz 1910 show. The show was the grand finale, and a critical and popular flop. Steiglitz for all practical purposes switched his energies to the modern paintings that were coming out of Europe after that.

The original photo seccessionist photographers like Gertrude Käsebier and Clarence White had a fabulous sense of light in their renditions. Mortenson by commparison in the mid to late '30's was an anomaly with his dreadfully heavily penciled over dense photographs. He really has no connection to the 1895 - 1915 pictorialist era of photography.
 

RobertP

Subscriber
Joined
May 11, 2006
Messages
1,190
Format
ULarge Format
But Steiglitz's 1910 show wasn't the grand finale for American pictorial photography. It continued up until about 1955. Most published histories of photography either deny the existence of pictorialism after 1910 or consider the movement derivative and enemic. In truth, neither assessment is correct. After 1910 pictorialism was even more multifaceted and adventuresome. They didn't practice a limited aesthetic stance like the photo-secessionist before them. They embraced moderism and commercialism along with the traditional pictorial beauty. Mortensen was probably the most well known but Clarence H. White taught exactly this way at The Clarence H. White School of Photography. Works were abstract, surreal, picturesque,and advant-garde. Probably no other photographic movement accommodated such a variety genres, and as late as the mid 1950's
 

Dave Wooten

Member
Joined
Nov 1, 2004
Messages
2,723
Location
Vegas/myster
Format
ULarge Format
Here Here! What Robert said above.

Note the photographers, Paul Outerbridge,Jr., Margaret Bourke-White, Dorthea Lange and Doris Ulmann....

If you get to see the Ansel Adam s show now traveling and in Las Vegas, note one of his most interesting photos taken while working on the Trailer Park series....when I saw it I couldn t believe it was Adams and thought of Dorthea Lange...sure enough he was working at the time with Dorthea Lange and certainly bears her stamp....

Stieglitz' separation of himself from the photo-secessionists movement only separated him from the movement...it continued...his new identity was with
the cubist movement, Picasso etc. and Adams and Company and the Museum of Modern art....
 

bill schwab

Advertiser
Advertiser
Joined
Jun 16, 2003
Messages
3,751
Location
Meeshagin
Format
Multi Format
But Steiglitz's 1910 show wasn't the grand finale for American pictorial photography.
In truth I feel it continues to this day. It is certainly influential in my work and where my interest lies. Don't forget Dassonville in the 50's and one of my personal favorites, Karl Struss... photographer and cinematographer extraordinaire. Putting aside the "fuzzy wuzzy" definition of pictorialism, I feel there are many currently working in the style. Among others, many of those mentioned in Joe's post (honored and blushing at being included) fit this and I've believed that for the past few years (15?) we've been in the midst of a revival of the genre. I've thought of it as neo-pictorialism when needing a tag. I feel it also includes many of the BIG color practitioners so prevalent today.

Bill
 
Joined
Dec 31, 2005
Messages
109
Format
Multi Format
And there's Vesu-Tan achieved with Vest Pocket Kodaks, and the work of Shinzo Fukuhara, tremendous work combining the simplest cameras with the sensibilities of some fine Japanese artists after these cameras were exported from the US, circa 1915(correct me if I'm off).
 

clay

Member
Joined
Nov 21, 2002
Messages
1,335
Location
Asheville, N
Format
Multi Format
I've been following this discussion with some interest. And since I am in NYC at the moment, I took an afternoon to visit MOMA, specifically to see the Jeff Wall exhibit.

So the question just occurred to me: Are we talking past each other because of a definitional disconnect? After having time to mull on the Wall show, I think that there are two different discussions going on. One is a straw poll on whether we approve/disapprove of the pictorialist's techniques and visual vocabulary. The other issue that is getting mashed into the same discussion is whether we approve/disapprove of the some of the pictorialist's sensibilities.

The reason that this occurred to me is that Wall's work most certainly does not use a pictorialist's visual grammar. But I think he does have some of the same sensibilities as the pictorialists. His compositions are all staged, and laden with intentional semiotic references to both the world and the 'art world'. In this, he certainly shares a kindred element of deliberation and intentionality with the pictorialists of 1900.

But his technical grammar is entirely modern: super sharp, color, ENORMOUS backlit transparencies. On the surface, they would seem as far away from the pictorialists as you can get. But I am beginning to believe that he thinks like a pictorialist, even though he is speaking in a modern dialect. In essence, Wall is totally tied up in imparting a specific idea or meaning, which, from what I have absorbed from reading the contemporaneous writings of Steichen, Stieglitz, White, et al, is exactly the same sort of pictorialist sensibility that was in vogue in 1900.

The knock that people put on Mortensen (for instance) is that much of his work had only a pictorialist visual grammar, but not so much the pictorialist's sensibility when it comes to subject matter. IOW, pictures of just 'nekkid women', no matter how well done, still have aroma of being made by an extremely technically talented 14 year old boy who is amazed at some of the new possibilities he has just learned of. Having been a 14 year old male at one time, I am completely familiar with the strings that are being plucked in many of Mortensen's photographs. Which is not to say I don't like some of them and chuckle a little bit when I see them. But a lot of Mortensen's work seems to appeal to the same 'bad boy' place in my id that magazines like Magnum are targeting.

So I think there are two different things which may or may not be present in a given body of work: Pictorialist's techniques and Pictorialist's sensibilities. They don't necessarily go hand in hand.
 

Petzi

Member
Joined
Jan 1, 2006
Messages
851
Location
Europe
Format
Med. Format Pan

When I want to see Steichen's or Ansel's photos I have to go to a good photo book store, or search the Internet. I assume that Ansel is more part of the popular culture in North America than any photographer is over here. Calendars, posters and such.

I would agree that you can get fed up by an artists work, even if it is good, but on the other hand, there are records I have listened to several dozen times, and there are also some Ansel Adams photos that I could hardly imagine becoming fed up with.
 
OP
OP

Chuck_P

Subscriber
Joined
Feb 2, 2004
Messages
2,369
Location
Kentucky
Format
4x5 Format
The other issue that is getting mashed into the same discussion is whether we approve/disapprove of the some of the pictorialist's sensibilities.

Since I was the initiator of that thread, I believe, if I undertand you, that I was simply wanting to know who here tends toward the "pictorialists sensabilities" by photograhing and processing a print and presenting their art in such a way as it could be taken for another [form] of art, such as a painting, drawing, etc....I mean, that's photography too, but not a style that turns me on. Or, who here are more apt to present their photographic art in the style of the "straight" photographic art---meaning, the most simplistic form of the medium. To me, that is the most simplistic form of the medium.

Or more simply put, who's more of a pictorialist and who's more non-pictorialist (maybe that'll be PC enough for some ). It seemed that some were arguing that: -pictorialism doesn't really exist anymore, -that one is stupid or sophmoric to comment on such a non-existant and ill-perceived petty difference within the medium. Not that I agree with any of that, but that was my take on it. I'll have to admit that it sparked some of the strangest rants that I've ever seen in my time here, and I'm sure one or two of those rants might even be mine .


Regards to all,
Chuck
 

Daniel_OB

Member
Joined
Jun 9, 2006
Messages
420
Location
Mississauga,
Format
Multi Format
“-pictorialism doesn't really exist anymore”

Who killed it?
Pictorialism was not a fashion so it fades away. It is known style in photography and will be around forever, like any other known stile.

“… style of the "straight" photographic art---meaning, the most simplistic form of the medium. To me, that is the most simplistic form of the medium.”

What is non-simplistic form of the medium?
Many photographs made will fit better into another medium just of missing “straightness”. It is general trend today to think this is photograph just because “it looks like as I know what is photograph”. It is just connected with truth: if photograph show it - it is true, if it looks like true it is photograph” (even if it is printed in newspaper, even if it is computer ink print, …).
There is NOT non-straight photography. Non-straight photography term is invented by people that want to produce images of their fantasy but because of lack of talent for painting, drawing, …, they found way to use camera and finger. Actually what they make is nothing to anyone ever except to them, it is worthless. And this straightness is one of think that no other medium have. My photographs are “straight” so who can make any of them by hand or computer? No one ever.
Can pictorial photograph be straight? Can abstract photograph be straight? Can sandwiched negatives be straight? Yes if they are straight. What is it that say NO.
If they are not straight what they are? They are just nothing.

Leica-R.com
 

PatTrent

Member
Joined
May 14, 2006
Messages
411
Location
Brentwood, C
Format
Multi Format
I've lost track by now of what is meant by "straight photography." My definition of that term is a photograph taken on negative or positive film with no manipulation in the print (whether from an enlarger or digital scan) other than the usual cropping, dodging and burning, and/or contrast filtering, and toning with Se or Sepia or KBT. By photograph, I mean a shot taken without any soft-focus or diffusion filter.

I'm not particularly advocating the style I just described, only stating what I'm assuming is it's definition for the purpose of this thread. If I'm wrong, would someone please state again what is meant by "straight photography."
 
Last edited by a moderator:
OP
OP

Chuck_P

Subscriber
Joined
Feb 2, 2004
Messages
2,369
Location
Kentucky
Format
4x5 Format

In the historical context of the word, it means, to quote AA himself "....on the philosophy of straight photography: that is, photographs that look like photographs, not imitations of other art forms." Now back in his day, there were huge flame wars on this issue and you can look up the history and read all about it.

It does not mean no use of tonal controls like dodging and burning, etc...For example, I saw a gum print the other day in a book that simply did not look like a photograph to me (though I know it was produced from a photograph), it looked like a painting. That is a case where it certainly seems like photography is being used to imitate another form of art, because when I view such a print, the essence of a "photograph" is lost to me.

But these terms mean many things to many people, as I have learned. It seems that to even discuss such terms as "pictorialism" and "straight photography" is an affront to some people's own sensitivities, for whatever reason. To me, it's just a matter of aesthetics in that it is a particular use of photography that I can respect, but one that I can't get excited about and certainly not one that I frown upon.

Hope this helps.

Chuck
 

Daniel_OB

Member
Joined
Jun 9, 2006
Messages
420
Location
Mississauga,
Format
Multi Format
Every photograph is “Straight” if it is a photograph. What is a photograph is in very clear way defined more than hundred years ago. However with time millions of “new” definitions came out from “photographers”. People that cannot make “art” photograph, nowadays, come to internet to spill their own definition what is art, what is artist, what is photography, …, then new technology, new materials, and what they will not get around their head God himself cannot pick, and all with a hope that their definitions will be recognized as “LAW” so it will place them into the ball of “art”, and more they will become “reach guys”. In discussing -is a photograph truth- any internetist gets some way into metaphysical world and stop when he feel his opinion is fine to be accepted by other. Then comes equipment manufacturers with their own “vision” of “photography” as ”p$o$o$r$p$y”. Is now all confusible? NOOOO. Simple internet is not a good place to learn about many things. It is, in its the best, place to loose time and to chat. Hex if you want to learn deep into library.
www.Leica-R.com
 

jstraw

Member
Joined
Aug 27, 2006
Messages
2,699
Location
Topeka, Kans
Format
Multi Format

I can agree only that this post is supporting evidence for the claim that it makes.
 

Daniel_OB

Member
Joined
Jun 9, 2006
Messages
420
Location
Mississauga,
Format
Multi Format
H. W. Janson (the most authorative art historian ever), History of art, 5th or 6th eddition is the best evidence known to me. Gombrich, Story about art (any of latest ed.), also provide many evidences about the same. Do you have authorative evidence it is not correct what is said above? Sorry.
www.Leica-R.com
 
Last edited by a moderator:

jimgalli

Subscriber
Joined
Sep 7, 2002
Messages
4,236
Location
Tonopah Neva
Format
ULarge Format
and presenting their art in such a way as it could be taken for another [form] of art, such as a painting, drawing, etc...

To me, that is the most simplistic form of the medium.

Regards to all,
Chuck

Chuck, I think we've had a lot of semantic by-passing here. I'll offer an alternative to your rather narrow view. If by pictorialist you mean someone like myself who uses focus as a device, ie. lenses that produce a dreamy soft focus effect or highlight effects as a mean to an end, I am definitely a practitioner. BUT......that said, the idea that the finished photograph according to your view is intended to be other than a photograph, like it's a painting wan-a-be or something has never EVER entered my mind. It is a photograph as pure as any ever was. Whether I've succeeded or not, I will sometimes use an antique lens personality to give the photo a power to reach a little deeper. It is a device, period. If it succeeds is for my audience to judge. I use it like any other tool in my toolbox. I also make the decision when this particular device might work. If you wade through the pages on my web site you'll find both blindingly sharp and "pictorial" pictures.


To try to lump everything into 2 neat groups, pictorial and non-pictorial or whatever the buzzwords are, is simplistic. The boundaries are not that well defined.

I would end this semi-rant by saying Anybody can make a sharp picture. That is by far the easier of the 2 camps to wave your flag in. And you'll never be lonesome there either.
 

TheFlyingCamera

Membership Council
Advertiser
Joined
May 24, 2005
Messages
11,546
Location
Washington DC
Format
Multi Format
I get the sense that the "straight" photo as proposed by the F64 group et al is alleged to be devoid of artifice, whereas the "pictorialist" image has its artifice blatantly available on the surface. To claim that "straight" photography is devoid of artifice is a load of hooey, put simply. Especially if the image is in black-and-white. By itself, working in black-and-white is an artifice. While it may seem LESS like a painting because people infrequently paint in black-and-white, depicting the world in monocrhome is a contrivance, nothing more and nothing less than brushstrokes or paint texture. Also, shallow depth of field and "soft-focus" are uniquely photographic - without camera lenses and the physical and chemical limitations of film, we would never know what these things look like, as the eye has a near- infinite depth of field unless focusing extremely close.
 

jstraw

Member
Joined
Aug 27, 2006
Messages
2,699
Location
Topeka, Kans
Format
Multi Format

I don't care about "authoritative evidence." I found your assertions just plain silly.

And now this...

Do you really think that Janson would support a point of view that would assert that there are no distinctions...that there are no definitions...that there are no "schools" or "periods?" That abstract expressionism, impressionism, photo-realism and cubism are all false constructs and all paintings are simply paintings?

Or are you saying that only Janson and his ilk are fit to describe or discuss these distinctions.

That there is plenty of ridiculous blather on the Internet is no evidence that all discourse on the Internet should be rejected. I work at a University and can attest to the fact that the levels of foolishness rise just as high in the halls of higher eductation as they do online.
 

Petzi

Member
Joined
Jan 1, 2006
Messages
851
Location
Europe
Format
Med. Format Pan
"Anybody can make a sharp picture..."
True.

If you had ever tried to take a sharp photo of a single thumb size fish in an aquarium at available light, you would rethink this. Unless the fish was dead of course.

Or maybe the players in action at a handball or icehockey game. You could use a flash, but then you would have an ugly looking photo with black background and red eyes.

It can be very hard to obtain a sharp picture in a number of real life situations, even with good equipment.
 

catem

Member
Joined
Jan 14, 2006
Messages
1,358
Location
U.K.
Format
Multi Format

The interesting thing is that the eye doesn't have near infinite dof, we just think it does because we are constantly moving our eyes and our point of focus, even when looking into the distance.

Some photographers have used the argument that a 'front-to-back' sharp focus is 'unnatural' (e.g. Julia Margaret Cameron, P.H. Emerson). It is, to the extent that we can only appreciate the breadth of focus in an f64 landscape at one glance because it is in fact 2-dimensional, and all on one focal plane....the ultimate illusion....
 
Last edited by a moderator:
OP
OP

Chuck_P

Subscriber
Joined
Feb 2, 2004
Messages
2,369
Location
Kentucky
Format
4x5 Format

Jim,

I have a very simplistic view of the process and it relates to me and me alone and how I practice photography and I try to never make personal judgements on anyone elses own practices (not saying that you did or anything like that). It merely appeals to me or it doesn't and that's about as far as I take it. We photograph, we develop, and we print. We all have that in common with each other.

The views that my original post referrenced i.e., straight photography and pictorialism are not views that I am inventing here. They're merely points of discussion on two concepts that I have been reading about here lately, in terms of the history of photography. So, that said, I will have to reject your assertion that I have a narrow view. My view, and if it is thought to be narrow then so be it, is that I will always be more attracted to photographs that look like photographs and not, say, a gum print that appears to my own senses to be a painting (but I don't frown upon that use of photography, I'm merely not enthused by it---it's not a put down). That's a pretty simple and clear way of saying it, but as I write it I am certain it will urk somebody.

Reading on the history of photography sparked in me a thought that I would pose on APUG to ask others in hopes hearing what they liked. Clearly, in retrospect, not a good idea, as it served only to ignite far out discussions that I had never intended. And, in retrospect, I should have absolutely expected it. I must have posed the intent of the post in a poor fashion. I'm sure that this topic may seem old to some and beaten to death. However, what those don't realize is that it is not old to everyone; therefore, IMO, it can still serve as useful discussion to some when the sarcasm and the "smart -assness" of the responses is removed. But this is difficult for some.

Your photograph looks like a photograph to me. I never said all photos have to be tack sharp. I don't think anyone believes that photography indicates that a photograph cannot show selective focus. In fact, I believe, AA commented later in life that if you intend to throw a background out of focus, then make sure it is distinctly out of focus.

Although back in the early days of this controversy, the Group f/64 folks probably would not have done that, IMO, but that was their way, it seems---I think they wanted the image to reveal all that the lens revealed in distinct detail and that was being true to the medium, as they saw it. Whereas, in their view, the "pictorialists" of the day, were not being true to to the medium when they presented photography in a way that imitated another form of art. I find it amazing , however, that those two thoughts alone can boil-up in others such disgust. It's quite funny.

Anyway, all this for the interest and love of the traditional process.

Chuck
 

jstraw

Member
Joined
Aug 27, 2006
Messages
2,699
Location
Topeka, Kans
Format
Multi Format

Chuck, you have nothing to regret, in my opinion. I think this has been a great conversation.

Discussions are neither the turf nor the responsibility of the persons that inititiate them. They belong to all the participants as does the responsibility for them. I am honestly sorry that you're unhappy with this thread. I can assure you that others are not.
 
Cookies are required to use this site. You must accept them to continue using the site. Learn more…