Can you scan a focused image in the field, building a photograph one pixel at a time? Sure.
Is it practical to do so? Not really.
It would take very accurate and seriously high precision mechanics. It would have to scan across the image plane in both directions while controlling overlap down at the micron level. This alone will make it impractical in the field. Just the temperature changes would make this extremely difficult. The power draw to run the mechanics would be non-negligible so you have a battery problem right up front. The time required to scan at a decent resolution would be very long (longer than drum scanning (which itself builds scan files one pixel at a time), which can take more than an hour), which limits the subject matter to that which isn't moving, or introduces some interesting motion artifacts in the scan file. I could go on...
There are digital scan backs already on the market: for example, the
Better Light digital scan backs. These scan a line at a time. They have many of the same problems, but scanning a line at a time makes them considerably more manageable, and thus considerably more practical.