For this kind of picture colour is not important. Actually your picture already shows very nicely the different colours of the stars (white, blue, yellow, orange), you might want to boost saturation to give that "false colour NASA look" but your colours would be right nonetheless.
Regarding the shadow detail, I don't know if I get what you say right. If you see the details in the negative and not in the scan, the problem is in the exposure of the scan. This is normally a problem arising with slide scans. Negative scans should have a dynamic range which is easily entirely captured by a scanner.
If you see the details in the scan and want to raise brightness of the rocks without influencing the sky, the faster mode I would use is to simply use Curves. Raise the line very near the black point, while keeping the rest of the line where it is.
Or, the problem might be in your black point, basically in converting the image from raw scan to TIFF, you have blocked the shadows. Don't block the shadows. When using Levels, don't discard the flat portion of the histogram by dragging the left triangle to the right (or do it but within the appearance you want to reach).