Unless the print was made with black ink only (doubtful, but I sure made a lot of them back in the day) you shouldn't be seeing any dots.
Of course, its possible to do what you asked about, it just requires a lot of time and practice. More than it would be worth, vs just making another print w/ the changes made to the scanned file in PS. If you try to work w/ the paper itself, like a watercolor, every touch you make to the surface w/ a wet brush will probably be seen because you're changing the structure of the paper right there. It's a local change, not global, so it shows.
But again, w/ a lot of practice it could be done, but it just won't be that easy. You're only going to be able to make small changes, not big, overall changes. Every time you touch a wet brush to paper, no matter how small, it changes the paper at that spot. And a droplet of black/gray ink will have a hard, dark edge around it when it dries on white paper.