This is based on experience in troubleshooting scratches in cinema projection.
First, if the scratches (on film) occur on the emulsion and they are deep enough they will remove layers of the image and leave lines that are yellow green or clear.
Light scratches on the emulsion side or moderate scratches on the base side will leave black lines.
The scratches don't seem to have disturbed the image-bearing layers of the emulsion. I'm going to bet they aren't on the film.
Looking at the pattern of the damage it seems that the surface of the film/paper was moving left to right (from the viewer's perspective) while some stationary object was dragging across it. The marks seem to be uniformly spaced, indicating that the film/paper was in continuous motion. This indicates that it happened in a machine, not in the camera. (Unless your camera has a motorized rewind.)
By virtue of the fact that the image under the scratch seems to be undisturbed, I'm going to bet that it is on the paper. If something dragged across wet emulsion of the film, it would have either removed portions of the image-bearing layers of emulsion or distorted them. To me, it looks like something disturbed the emulsion of the paper after the latent image was formed but before the film was completely developed.
I vote for a foreign object or piece of dirt in the paper path of the developing machine.
Verify this by getting a magnifying glass, a microscope or a loupe and looking at the film to see if there are marks.
If I was sitting in a cinema, watching a movie and I saw similar marks on the screen, that is what I would think.
