A Zeiss Ikon Nettar might fit the bill. Specifications vary but the more common 6 x 6 varieties have a 3-element f4.5 Rodenstock lens. This is impressionistic at wide apertures and sharpens up when stopped down.
Pictorialists sometimes used Petzval style lenses. Another method is to invert the front element of some of the Brownie cameras. Messing around with old folding cameras, removing elements, placing magnifiers in front of the glass, unscrewing the stops that keep the front lens panel straight throwing some planes out of focus, etc, etc. You can preview the effect by placing a ground glass, or even tissue paper in the frame with the back open, before you load the film.
There isn't a single pictorial solution, it's a question of how far from sharpness norms you want to go. You can continue the process under the enlarger.