Lanthanum oxide glasses are high index glass types commonly used in optical design today. Pioneered by Leica (the first was similar to Schott LAK-9), they have been in use since the 1950s. Often used in fast lenses (f/3 or faster). The lanthanum crowns (like N-LAK22) have dispersion similar to traditional crowns. The lanthanum flints (N-LAF7) have dispersions similar to flints.
Compared to traditional flints and crowns, they provide equivalent optical power but with shallower surface curvature. This leads to thinner lenses doing the same work. The dn/dt values, densities, and CTE values are different too. All important considerations for design work.
When you get down to it, it's just another optical material in the lens designer's toolbox. Using it or not depends on what's needed in the design.
-Jason