At close focus. Ah, Missed that point.
The whole question is how far the lens moves forward from its infinity-focus position.
The lens produces a cone of light.
It has a certain intensity at the film plane when focused at infinity.
As the lens moves forward, the area of that circle of illumination at the film plane increases, but the amount of light remains constant.
So you have less intensity per unit area than when the lens was focused at infinity.
This is true of every lens in every situation.
We usually ignore it except for macro work because the film's exposure tolerance hides it.
At a 1:1 (life size) reproduction ratio, you must increase exposure by two stops.
- Leigh