Vivitar made/makes a 17mm in Nikon AI mount.
Vivitar never made a lens in their existence, they were a marketing company. They are all re-badged makes from elsewhere almost certainly Cosina or possibly Tokina I use a Vivitar 70-210 series 1 zoom on my manual Minolta bodies, which in it's day was good and even today is no slouch. From a table of comparative lens numbers it is a version made by Tokina.
To add to the possibilities Tamron also marketed a 17mm Adaptall 2 lens but whether they made it I have no idea. If you want to stick with Nikon try a 20mm F2.8AIS lens they are about as good as they get.
When you say you use a 23mm lens is this a typo? I know of no lens by any manufacturer, especially Nikon that makes or has made a 23mm lens.
Update
I have just pulled this off the web. I have checked the formula against my 28/90 and 70/210 an the formula works. M y 70/210 is a Tokina as I said and the 28/90 has the first 2 numbers a 28 so it is made by Komine Co Ltd (I have never actually heard of them) the 70/210 is from Sept 1981 and the 28/90 April 1980. Come to think about it there are others I have never heard of as well.
Deciphering Vivitar Serial Numbers
This coding system is for all Vivitar Series 1 lenses, not just the 70-210, but it is only valid for lenses made from the early 1970's up to around 1990.
The 1st two digits (or first one digit, in the case of 6 or 9) designate the manufacturer:
6 Olympus
9 Cosina
13 Schneider Optik
22 Kino Precision (Kiron)
25 Ozone Optical
28 Komine Co. Ltd
32 Makinon
33 Asanuma (Tokina) 37 Tokina
42 Bauer
44 Perkin Elmer (US)
47 Chinon
51 Tokyo Trading
56 Kyoe Schoji
75 Hoya Optical
81 Polar
The next three digits designate the year and week of manufacture. One digit for the year and two digits (01 through 52) for the week. Obviously, designating the year with a single digit doesn't allow you to differentiate between, say, 1978 and 1988, so you have to infer the decade of manufacture from other evidence (such as when, where and how you acquired the lens, what documentation came with it and the physical appearance of the lens).
The remaining digits indicate the manufacturing serial number.