The silver thing seems to be what holds the disks in, as the one I have isn't threaded in any way. It just snaps into the silver part, which screws into the threads on the front of the actual lens. I did some crude light testing with a metered prism. With my disk at 11.8, testing showed that it was about f/11. opening the disk to 9.8 appeared to be f/9.5. The difference in the calculated f/stop and the values i found experimentally may have something to do with the fact that the aperture is in front of the lens, rather than inside, allowing some light to enter at odd angles and still hit the lens. Just a guess, though.
While testing without the disk, the apertures on the RB67 shutter were a half-stop off from their actual values, since the 180mm mamiya lens's max aperture is 4.5, about a half-stop off from 5.6. Ignoring extreme precision, the apertures on the rb67 shutter seem close enough to be substitutable, so long as the disk isn't being used. I also found that using the disk and stopping down results in vignetting.
The picture in your post doesn't seem to be loading.
Edit: your picture's working now. I'd assume the differences between ours lies in the brand of adapter. Yours is blank whereas mine is labeled "Zork-Tubus" The lens itself seems to be the same, minus the silver thing on mine. In fact, it looks like the silver thing was added to the disk-holding ring, possibly to make it easier to screw on and off.