First column is magnification (X), then lens you are using 80mm, 50mm and 30mm lens, numbers bellow (on black background) are required hight of enlarger head that corresponds with numbers engraved on enlarger column.
So, you are using 35mm negative (24x36mm) with 50mm lens and want to enlarge it to 24cm, that is 6.666X enlargement and you need to raise enlarger head between 16-21.
It also tells you that with 6x6 and 80mm lens you can have max enlargement of 7.6x, or 42.5cm at 53 height and with 35 mm film, 50mm lens, 13x or 46.8cm at 52