The latter, I think, for most of us. But there's a disorder called alkaptonuria that causes a developing agent related to hydroquinone to be excreted in the urine: see http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/172/8/1002, a case study that includes a portrait of the patient developed in his urine.
I'm not being rude, the expression comes from the old practice of taking the urine from the gents urinals in London by boat in wooden barrels to the North East coast of England, where it was hauled up a cliff face to a chemical works to extract the ammonia.
Urea breaks down to Ammonia, so that's one source of alkali
The latter, I think, for most of us. But there's a disorder called alkaptonuria that causes a developing agent related to hydroquinone to be excreted in the urine: see http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/172/8/1002, a case study that includes a portrait of the patient developed in his urine.
Hence the old curse - 'May your children piss port wine'.
George III had it. Could you ask him to accompany you to this island?
So far nobody has ground a lens - or are we using a pinhole camera?
Murray
According to Victor Regnault, Elements of Chemistry, 1853, Pyrogallic acid may be prepared by carefully heating powdered galls (I believe these come from Oak and other trees).Search 'regnault powdered galls' for the book page.
Heating limestone gives calcium oxides which would provide sodium hydroxide alkali when reacted with sea water.
Pyrogallic acid + sodium hydroxide=developer?
Make sure the Island elf'n safety officer isnt looking.
Oak trees aren't commonly found on small sea islands though (?)
Galls are caused by a small parasite thing that climbs into the tree and makes the tree react with a big wart-type ball. You can also boil galls to make black ink.