I'm looking for resources about point and shoot cameras, I would like to understand how they work on a technical level. For example how the PCB communicates with the lens shutter speed fstop and overall build. Are there any books I could acquire where this is explained, I can't seem to find anything.
In many cases everything is 'computer controlled' via a microprocessor and programmable memory. You will need adapter device and computer software to 'break-in' and see what is going on as the programming specifics are probably long gone, not even on any engineer's computer at the factory or thrown out.
This is the schematic of a point and shoot. Most of the control of the camera is through the CPU, (M16C/62) the function of which is outlined in the block diagram.
My impression has been that most of the simple point & shoots were not really intended to be serviced, so documentation is probably scarce.
There is a company here which sells surplus optics of various sorts, they happen to have a few different shutter assemblies for sale, which might give you some starting points for experimentation. For example, this is one of a few they have for sale; ELECTRONIC CAMERA SHUTTER ASSEMBLY
I suppose there might be similar available in the EU, if not, I think they ship internationally.