Using an enlarger for pure dichromate processes is not really feasible as it requires very long (hours) of exposure, and preferably UV optics (very expensive). Fresson prints are sometime done with an enlarger, but the negative can get totally cooked during the process.
What you are suggesting sounds like mixture of carbro and dye imbibition emulsions.
In carbro, a bleach hardens gelatin in proportion to the amount of silver present. In a dye imbibition emulsion, a pyro type 'tanning' developer hardens the gelatin in proportion to exposed silver.
There is another process that combines silver and a carbon-transfer type material into one, but the name escapes me at the moment.