j3, most lenses for 35 mm SLRs -- this includes lenses in M42 mount -- are in focusing helicals. M42 flange-to-film distance is 45.46 mm. This leaves a little room for a behind the lens shutter. In particular, the Ilex #3 shutter's front tubes ID is 45 mm. This may (great stress may) be large enough to hold an adapter that will screw into the shutter and accept a lens in M42. Whether it can be done is best answered by a machinist.
If the OP gets the flange (front of adapter) to film distance right, this approach will give him a 35 mm camera in M42 mount with guess focus.