While I know that there is a lot about photography that I don't know(Deguerreotypes are one of them), I do know a lot about Chemical fume hoods. I am an architect who specializes in designing chemical use laboratories. The reference that JMNUT gave you to Labconco is a good one, and I advise you to look into their website carefully. They are one of the largest manufacturers of chemical fume hoods in the US, and their website has a lot of good reference information.
The important thing in looking at what kind of hoods are best for your work is the nature of the chemicals that you are using (are they heavier or lighter than air for example). Mercury can be extremely dangerous and extreme care should be taken in using it. I strongly advise seeking the advice of the experts in chemical exhaust market before making any decisions. The fume hood engineering department at Labconco is very good and I'm sure would be happy to answer your questions. I don't know who you may have in Argentina, but some of the large US fume hood companies do have offices worldwide - Labconco does have representation for Central and South America listed on their website.
The design of the fume hood itself has a lot to do with the effeciveness of the hood. Aerodynamics in the design of the airslots, plenum spaces, and the shape of the frame around the front opening all contribute to the effective design of the hood. By all means, do not use either an overhead canopy hood (like the hood over your kitchen stove, or a back draft exhaust source behind your workspace. Neither are designed to capture chemical fumes like you are considering and neither will be particularly effective.
One hood type that Labconco makes that you might consider is their Protector XVS and VS models - you can find it all on their website. They can be mounted on a stand frame or just sit on your bench top. They are a light duty hood and are effective in safely exhausting chemical fumes from sources using smaller amounts of chemicals. These would also be considerably less expensive than large full blown fume hoods. However, as I said, you should contact someone like Labconco and talk things over with them.
Hope this all helps