EDTA and Van Dyke Brown

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konakoa

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I'm curious if anyone out there is using EDTA (the tetrasodium salt) with the Van Dyke Brown process.

I see EDTA being used extensively in Kallitypes and Platinum/Palladium for its usefulness to remove iron from the paper. Anyone using it for VDB? If so, where in the processing steps for Van Dyke is it best utilized?
 

MDR

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Following Dick Stevens recommendations for the Kallitype I would use it after fixing on the other hand Sarah van Keuren the author of A Non-Silver Manual sees no benefit in using EDTA with Van Dyke. To quote her:
"It is possible that EDTA salts in water could work as chelating agents to remove residual iron salts, but preliminary tests by photographer John Woodin and myself have not confirmed this." from http://www.alternativephotography.com/wp/processes/kallitypes/a-non-silver-manual-vandyke-brown

Dominik
 
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konakoa

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Thanks for that link Dominik.

Searching the threads here on APUG with "EDTA" in them, I ran across this amazing posting from Marco:

(there was a url link here which no longer exists)

Please see what he says under "Employ the best clearing and washing techniques" and "Important corrections..." a few postings below that with followups by Mike Ware.

So, if I was to use EDTA with Van Dyke Brown, do I want it to be acidic or alkaline? I've read elsewhere that if the processing solutions go alkaline, that locks the iron salts in the paper. Keeping the processing solutions acidic lets them wash out. Yet Mike Ware in Marco's post above says to keep it alkaline.

Anyone have any thoughts?
 
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cliveh

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No, don't use.
 

Loris Medici

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Konakoa, FWIW, see my working procedure below:

- Development wash / 1st (acid) clearing: 2 x 2 minutes in very mild (1 teaspoon per 2000ml water) citric acid solution.
- Gold toning: Gold-thiourea toner, half strength, 10 minutes.
- Fixing: 2% plain sodium thiosulfate, 2 minutes.
- 2nd (alkali) clearing: 1% tetrasodium EDTA + 1% sodium sulfite combined, 2 minutes.
- Wash: 5 changes of water, 7-8 minutes.

Probably overkill, but works extremely well for me.

Hope this helps,
Loris.
 

cliveh

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Thanks for that link Dominik.

Searching the threads here on APUG with "EDTA" in them, I ran across this amazing posting from Marco:

(there was a url link here which no longer exists)

Please see what he says under "Employ the best clearing and washing techniques" and "Important corrections..." a few postings below that with followups by Mike Ware.

So, if I was to use EDTA with Van Dyke Brown, do I want it to be acidic or alkaline? I've read elsewhere that if the processing solutions go alkaline, that locks the iron salts in the paper. Keeping the processing solutions acidic lets them wash out. Yet Mike Ware in Marco's post above says to keep it alkaline.

Anyone have any thoughts?

Mike Ware is probably one of the greatest experts on photographic chemistry in the world and I would be guided by this.
 
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konakoa

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Thanks Loris! I'll definitely have to give that a try.

Additional information

I've noted that the instructions I've found in books and information on websites for making Van Dyke Brown prints frequently contradict each other when it comes to processing the paper. I've been looking into finding a method of processing the paper to make a Van Dyke Brown print as permanent and stable as is practical (short of toning it and losing that nice brown image).

One key idea that seems to be common with the other iron based printing methods like Kallitypes and Platinum / Palladium is that the development or clearing steps are acidic. The acidity helps the unused iron sensitizer to wash out. I haven't seen this mentioned for Van Dyke Brown.

I contacted Mike Ware with a couple of questions about the processing of paper for Van Dyke Brown. I asked him about the acidity of processing solutions (the water development bath) and the possibility of using EDTA as a chelating agent to remove iron salts from the paper fibers--leftover iron sensitizer trapped in the paper is said to be a major cause of staining and lack of permanence in VDB images. With his permission I'm posting his comments here:

**********************************************
[from Mike Ware]

There are several intertwined issues here:

1) EDTA. If you look at the chemistry of colour photography processing, (in which I'm far from expert) you'll see that in one version, ferric EDTA is used as a silver bleach, because it dissolves metallic silver. So EDTA is altogether NOT the thing to add to any of the iron-sensitized silver processes. Fortunately, this is not the case with palladium, platinum and gold, where disodium EDTA is a good first bath.

2) Clearing of ferric ion. This cannot be done effectively in an alkaline environment, and even neutral washing may leave problems. It is also very important to avoid chlorinated water, and 'hard' water. It would be best to use pH 4 or less (which can be obtained from a spoonful of citric acid) to suppress hydrolysis of the ferric ion. However, if the silver salt used was silver nitrate, then the 'nitric acid' formed will tend to redissolve some silver image. Which explains why Kallitype uses alkaline developers, like Borax, and Rochelle salt, and Van Dyke uses a neutral wash, at best, otherwise image may be lost.

3) To be able to use acidic conditions with silver, one must have a non-oxidising anion. This was my logic in replacing silver nitrate with silver sulphamate in my Argyrotype process, which work in an acid environment. See: http://www.mikeware.co.uk/mikeware/Argyrotype_Process.html

4) Nanoparticle silver images are still very vulnerable, especially on plain paper, and most workers with Kallitype and Van Dyke recommend gold toning for permanence. I believe my Argyrotype silver images already become sulphide-toned in the thiosulphate, so have a better chance of stability without gold toning. But I would not issue guarantees of permanence.

So, the short answers are : 1) forget EDTA. 2) Try a spoonful of citric acid in your wash water. 3) Gold tone your Van Dykes. or 4) Consider using Argyrotype.

**********************************************
 

Loris Medici

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Great info from Mike, as usual. Thanks for sharing this. Please note that my procedure contains a (pretty long timed) gold toning step BEFORE the alkali EDTA clearing bath, therefore the warning about bleaching becomes moot in my context, same for Pt or Pd toning... And I strongly suggest gold, pt or pd toning for any type of colloidal silver image (vandyke, kallitype, argyrotype, salted paper, ...) wherever longevity is a high priority concern. Regards, Loris.
 
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