Many modern papers contain incorporated developers. They are easily tested for activity and level by fogging the paper and adding a drop of strong alkali. Low levels or weak developers in the paper will allow it to brown or darken quickly, and high levels cause immediate heavy blackening. No incorporated developer leaves the paper a normal white or sometimes light buff colored.
These incorporated developers were not just present in some papers, they were used in general practice to give faster development times or to cause certain development effects.
PE
Very few current papers (I don't know of any) are developer incorporated...
...the early Ilfospeed papers could be processed using the Ilfoprint Activator/Stabiliser machines... I mixed up an Activator from scratch NaOH, some sulphite and KBr, and used Hypam instead of stabiliser. The sulphite & KBr were needed to prevent base foggingg in the activator.
The reasons for Developer incorporation were to improve speed of processing and allow very short development times, but with almost no large scale B&W print processing left there's no need.
There were disadvantages because you couldn't use processing techniques like soft working or contrast developers to to vary print contrast on the fixed grade papers.
Ian
Is it possible that they aren't specifically incorporating developing agents, but that some of the other chemistry happens to carry a medium (or weak, or whatever) development effect? Not that it matters, I'm just curious.
PE & zumbido have beaten me to the send button...(see below for clarification)
Ian, could you describe this "base fogging"... Did the reverse side brown?
It sounds like what Ian and Robert describe are better called Stabilization Papers...
PE noted before that one Ilford paper "passed" his "ID or Not" test... to which Simon of Harman clearly stated no Ilford (Harman) paper had ID... PE described his test, some thought too strong a pH was being used and the topic died down... there was never any clear resolution as far as I remember, other than a hint that something other than ID might be responsable....
I am curious to hear about Ian's base fogging in this context, but in any case, for actual use to get development without a tradtional "developing solution", I don't see why a pH any higher than that of a normal developer should be needed in ID testing... unless the agent incorporated, had a poor developing potential, which might have a certain usefulness....
Another disadvantage might have been the stability of such papers.
A developing agent is a discriminating reducing agent.
Silver Sulfide is... non-discriminating. It can act as a non-discriminating developer....
PE
Uht-Oh... I'm confused!
Was this a typo?
Stannous Chloride is
a non-discriminating reducing agent
and thus not a developing agent.
Silver Sulfide is
a non-discriminating reducing agent
and [thus a] non-discriminating developer.
A non-discriminating developer = not being a developer, as does all non reducers, correct?
In spite of their words to the contrary, Ilford MGIV paper tests medium positive for incorporated developing agent(s). It is not useful to wash a developing agent out as other useful chemistry might go as well.
PE
It is impossible to predict. ...
PE
Foma papers have incorporated developers.
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