Re-polishing is really not the way to go (as it also changes the lens curvature).
Light marks, if few,have practically no effect on final results.
Several light marks *can* reduce contrast and increase haze, particularly in difficult light situations (against light, etc.).
A (very) few deeper scratches can be filled with black paint with no ill-effect apart from an insignificant loss of speed.
Widespread "cleaning marks" or fungus are really bad news and are best avoided (though a spot or two of light fungus can often clean up quite well).
Generally, marks on the rear element are far worse than those on the front one.
I have several lenses with filled deep scratches... A great way to get top-end lenses cheap!