I think that lens has an old T4 interchangeable mount. If my guess is correct, depending on the mount, either one side or the other of the aperture scale is used. But it's been a long time since the T4 system, so I could be wrong. Cannot comment on the aperture scale comparison, that don't make no sense.
That prong is the meter connection for a Minolta MC mount. Maybe mount it up and see if the meter in the camera gives the right reading.
Wait, I have another thought. The meter lever on the lens and the 2X are in the same contact position. So, maybe the aperture scale on the 2X is to advise you to open two stops, ie., if the meter reading shows the correct exposure at f16 on the lens, then set the lens aperture to f8.
This is just a WAG (Wild A** Guess)