Enlarging filters may be CP filters for use above the condensors or diffuser, or CC filters for use between the lens and the paper. CC filters can be used as camera filters, but they won't act like they do when enlarging on variable contrast paper, because film doesn't have that kind of variable contrast emulsion.
Most new CP filters also add neutral density, so that exposure stays the same when you change filters, and normally you wouldn't want this in a camera filter.