I wouldn't say that color is an illusion, rather that it is a perception. The light spectrum is a real thing, our visual system creates a perception of it using an imperfect system, film and digital cameras create a rendering of the spectrum also using an imperfect system.
Color infrared film like Aerochrome creates a false-color image where the layers are each sensitive to a light wavelength shifted redder from the dye color they create. In normal color film, the layers that are sensitive to blue/green/red light make blue/green/red dyes respectively. Normal digital cameras use the B/G/R Bayer filter to do roughly the same thing.
In color IR film, the layers sensitive to green/red/IR light make blue/green/red dyes, so you get a false color image. (Using a yellow filter to block blue light, because some of the layers are likely also sensitive to blue light.) In theory a manufacturer could 1. not use an IR-blocking filter, and 2. make a Bayer-like filter with green/red/near-IR cells, and post-process the images to make false-color IR. In practice, there's probably not a market for it and making a Bayer-like filter is probably beyond the reach of any hobbyist. I work with digital detectors for astronomy, and we use the red sensitivity of CCDs all the time, but we don't use Bayer filters, we use single-color filters, like making color separations. Amateur astrophotographers also do that.
But also in practice, you could take a full spectrum IR-converted camera (step 1 above, remove IR blocking), where now your pixels are roughly sensitive to (blue+IR, green+IR, red+IR), and try to make a filter or post-processing algorithm that would modify the in-camera color conversion to make it look sort of like false-color IR.
Kolari sells the IRchrome filter mentioned above, which is actually blue in appearance. I don't know how it works, although it seems that one main effect is to make green foliage red, and I might guess that perhaps the blue filter decreases the brightness of the green+IR channel so the red+IR channel is enhanced. Another thing that people do is swap the channel values in post-processing:
https://kolarivision.com/post-infrared-photo-editing/processing-550nm-ir-filter/