Let's take some extreme examples.... 35mm film and 8x10 film. Let's say you'll be enlarging it to 8x10 print size.
If you have a 35mm film, your short side of film is 24mm wide which is a little less than an inch. To make an 8x10 print, that side will have to be magnified 8 times and some to make it 8 inches wide. Image with detail will have to be magnified that much as well. A given film can have so much detail. If you try to magnify it far, it will not have sufficient details.
If you have an 8x10 film, well, it's a 1:1 magnification (no magnification). All the details that are in the film will be transferred to the print with no magnifications. You'll have no problems with magnifications and not having enough details.
My experience is that 35mm is sufficient for 8x10 print size. I've been amazed how well it works for 11x14 recently. Beyond that, I haven't tried. 645 has been great but in terms of increased details, not so much so over 35mm. It's better, yes, absolutely, but now the WOW kind of difference. It kind of shows how far 35mm technology has come. To me, the benefit of medium format film is ease of handling and ease of viewing contact sheets. That alone is worth the trouble for me.
For OP, I don't know what you are after.... what's the practical size you'll print for now and in near future? Are you capable of (equipment wise) handling large film size??