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Black marks / light fog on negatives. What caused this?


When I looked up the problem, I saw a couple of examples of other images looking just like it. I don't recall where.

A light leak from the camera back would generally show up on the unexposed areas of the film. Something reflective inside the camera could maybe cause it. Or it's possibly a scanning artifact? I inverted your picture of the negative - it shows up a bit different in that.



Almost looks like a bit of vignetting.
 
A light leak from the camera back would generally show up on the unexposed areas of the film.

Yes, unless it's just below the threshold of creating density and above the threshold to act as a pre/post-flash exposure. It looks a bit like that. But it's wise to first exclude the possibility of a digitization artefact.
 

On the neg below this one, you can see a bit of that light on the edges of the frame underneath the one youv've inverted. I'll try to find that negative.
It was Fresh film, and it's a 24mm Nikkor, possibly vingetting but I do feel there are also leaks. Back foams were shot.

So long as theres no leaks in-body or through the prism or something, it should be okay!
 
It's difficult to trust the edges of a scanned image because light projected through the unexposed parts can infect the edge of the image. So, it's definitely better to mask the sprocket track.
 
Re the reddish edges: I would be inclined to suspect the negative holder of your scanner. Reflections can cause such anomalies. Nothing much you can do about it, except crop the edges away.