Hi Don,
With a focal length (= distance from pinhole to negative) of 24 inch I would use a pinhole size between 0.8 to 1,0 mm (= 0.032 to 0.04 inch), but not larger than 1.1 mm (= 0.043 inch).
If 24 inch are the outside measurements, it is quite well possible the focal length is shorter. If it is actually like 20 inch inside of the box, I would use a pinhole of 0.7 to 0.9 mm, but not larger than 1.0 mm.
To make a pinhole, just cut out a square from a soda can or use simple tin foil. For tips and guidance, see also:
http://www.pinholeday.org/support/ or check some of the posts on my blog
http://thetoadmen.blogspot.nl. There is also a
Pinhole Photography & Camera group on Linkedin.
If you use photo paper as a negative, you can raid it as ISO 3 for starters. If you use a Windows computer, you could
download a free program called Pinhole Designer to do the calculations for you (pinhole sizes, angle of view, exposure times). I tend to make my pinholes a bit smaller, than this program calculates, to get a bit sharper image. but if you follow its calculations, you'll be fine.
I made a 20x24 inch paper negative with a big pinhole camera made out of a cardboard box, similar to yours, for the previous MSA (cheap camera challenge) thread. To see how I did this, check:
http://www.apug.org/forums/viewpost.php?p=1608880
and
http://www.apug.org/forums/viewpost.php?p=1614832
and
http://www.apug.org/forums/viewpost.php?p=1617313
and the results:
http://www.apug.org/forums/viewpost.php?p=1617495
Above all: experiment and have fun! That's what pinhole photography is all about.
Bert from Holland
http://thetoadmen.blogspot.nl