Many of the Lightroom and Photoshop controls imitate darkroom procedures, but some of them are fairly advanced. Increasing texture is a masking technique, which is pretty advanced, but first learn to control contrast, which is more straightforward. There are also film development techniques that can increase edge sharpness and bring out texture, which is good if you want that all the time, but once it's on the film, it's not reversible.
Haze effects are best achieved in the camera, because natural looking haze involves the highlights diffusing into the shadows, but if you use a diffuser under the enlarging lens, you're diffusing the shadows into the highlights. Sometimes that can work, if you only want a small amount of diffusion, say to soften up wrinkles in a portrait, but you've got more options with diffusion in the camera. If you're shooting B&W, you can also increase the amount of haze in a landscape by using a blue filter.