The Farm Security Administration commissioned photographers to document like during the great depression. These photographs are maintained by the Library of Congress and many are viewable online. There's a new project - photogrammar.yale.edu - that provides improved access and search capabilities. The interactive map function is particularly useful.
Recently saw a documentary aired on Public Tv about Dorthea Lange. One of the most recognizable images is the one titled "Migrant Mother"resulting from her participation in the FSA program.
For those of us who had never heard of it (I'd studied the New Deal in my Internation Economic History class at uni, but never heard of the photography aspect), there is a great summary of this project called How the Government Accidentaly Created the Golden Age of American Photography, as always from Roger Cicala at Lensrentals.