If a lens is a zoom lens, most likely the focal length range will show. Many zooms have a maximum f/stop that varies with the focal length. Typically, the range of maximum f/stops will be shown. As an example: 1:3.5 - 4.8
You might also see a country of manufacture, or a trade name that designates the lens line, or some codes that might indicate either where in the line the lens fits, or how many elements it has. It will vary with brand, and sometimes with date of manufacture.
As an example, Olympus lenses for their OM cameras are "Zuiko" lenses. Minolta lenses may be "Rokkor" lenses, etc.
If you have a particular example in mind, either post a picture, or describe the writing, and someone here most likely will be happy to translate.
Matt