It's about aspect ratio. 645 means 6:4.5 or 4:3.
That means that the short dimension is 0.75 times the long dimension.
Take 8x10 paper and leave a nice 1" border around the image area for a 6x8" print. 6x8 corresponds perfectly to the aspect ratio of a 645 negative.
Take 11x14 paper and again leave a nice 1" border around the image area for a 9x12" print. 9x12 also corresponds perfectly to the aspect ratio of a 645 negative.
With 16x20 you have to fudge a little, because if you must subscribe to the aspect ratio of a 645 negative, you will print a 13.5" x 18", leaving a 1" border on the short side and a 1.25" border on the long side. Close enough, if you ask me.
I like leaving a 1" border on my paper, because if you don't mount and overmat your print, the 1" border makes the print look very nice on its own.
If you don't like leaving a 1" border around the print area, then you can use 12x16" paper and print on the entire paper area and still have a perfect 3:4 aspect ratio.