No, they are not the same at all. The Apo-Sironar-S is Rodenstock's current, state-of-the-art plasmat design. The Sironar was Rodenstock's first-generation modern plasmat, a design that's now almost 40 years old. When people refer to a "Sironar S", that's just an imprecise way of referring to the Apo-Sironar-S. Rodenstock has never used the name "Sironar S" without the explicit "Apo-" designation.